Advanced Thyroid Test
What an advanced thyroid test measures
Your thyroid sets the pace of your metabolism, and the system runs on a feedback loop: the pituitary releases TSH to tell the thyroid to produce more hormone, so TSH rises when the thyroid is underperforming and falls when it's overactive. That inverse relationship makes TSH the most sensitive single marker. Free T4 is the main hormone the thyroid releases, free T3 the active form your tissues use.
The two antibodies answer a different question. TPO and thyroglobulin antibodies indicate the immune system is targeting thyroid tissue — the process behind Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and common in Graves' disease too. Knowing your TSH is drifting upward is useful; knowing it's drifting upward alongside positive antibodies tells you the likely cause, and that it's worth monitoring rather than checking once.
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What your results look like
Each marker appears against its reference range with a plain-English summary of the pattern. Ranges vary between laboratories, but TSH typically sits around 0.4–4.0 mIU/L.
A raised TSH with normal free T4 is subclinical hypothyroidism — the thyroid is keeping output normal but working harder to do it. It's often watched rather than treated, though positive TPO antibodies alongside it roughly double the chance of progressing to overt hypothyroidism, which is exactly what the antibodies add. A raised TSH with low free T4 is overt hypothyroidism; a low TSH with raised free T4 is overactivity. Positive antibodies with normal function are common — around one in ten people have detectable TPO antibodies — and aren't treated, but they justify rechecking periodically rather than assuming one normal result settles it. Take any abnormal result to your GP, since thyroid treatment is dose-titrated against repeat blood tests.
What's included
Your thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate growth and energy expenditure. Thyroid disorders are quite common, and many people don’t have any symptoms at all. This thyroid test screens for the thyroid hormones that play a key role in regulating the body’s metabolism.
In addition to screening for the thyroid hormones that play a key role in regulating metabolism, this advanced thyroid function test detects and measures the quantity of specific thyroid autoantibodies to determine whether autoimmune disease may be impacting thyroid function.
Test instructions
Download and print your pathology form from your i-screen dashboard.
Take your form to one of our affiliated collection centres to have your sample taken.
You don't need to fast for this test, but refrain from biotin supplements for 72hrs prior to collection.
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Common Questions
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